Woven fabric.



No 64!,007. Patented Jan. 9, i900.

C. W. GILBERT & C. C. SHEPARD.

WOVEN FABRIC.

(Application filed Oct. 16. 1899.)

(No Model.)

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CHARLES V. GILBERT AND CHARLES C. SHEPARD, OF WVORCESTER, MAS-SACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE MASSACHUSETTS.

L. C. CHASE & COMPANY, OFBOSTON,

WOVEN FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 641,007, dated January9, 1900.

Application filed October 16, 1899. Serial No. 733,729. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES W. GILBERT and CHARLES C. SHEPARD, citizensof the United States, residing at \Vorcester, in the county of Worcesterand State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in WovenFabrics, of which the following description, in connection with theaccompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters and numerals onthe drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object the pro duction of a novel textilefabric comprising a series of separated and comparatively narrow wovenbands connected by transverse and usually large or coarse weftsextending from one to the other side of the fabric across the faces ofthe bands and firmly bound thereto in a peculiar manner by binder-warps,so that the bands cannot slip or change their position relative to saidconnecting-wefts. Such fabric is very largely used for fly-nets toprotect horses or other animals from the attacks of flies and otherinsects; but heretofore the structure has been such that the woven bandswill slip or change their position relative to the connectingwvefts,owing to the insufficient hold of the binder-warps thereupon. In thepresent invention the binder-warps are brought into engagement with theband-connecting wefts in a peculiar manner, whereby relative slipping ofthe bands or wefts is absolutely prevented.

Figure 1 is a plan View of a portion of one of the bands of the novelfabric, the warp and weft being opened out, showing the bandconnectingface-wefts crossing the band. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view takenon the line a: 00, Fig. 1, between two adjacent warps to show thepeculiar manner in-which the binder-warps hold the face-wefts and bandsfirmly together. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a portion of the fabric as itactually appears, and Figs. 4 and 5 are longitudinal sectional viewsshowing the old mode of binding the face-wefts onto the bands.

Referring first to Fig. 1, a series of narrow woven bands A, eachcomposed of a group of warps a and wefts or filling b and having selvageedges, are shown as separated from each other any desired distance, aseries of usually large or coarse connecting-wefts B beingextendedacross the faces of the bands at desired intervals and secured to thebands by one or more binder-warps a in each group. In use the fabric ofsuitable size is thrown over the animal, the band-connecting weftsextending in the direction of the length of the horse, while the bandscross the back and shoulders, the bands thus forming the supportingportion of the fabric.

Heretofore in fabrics of this general character those of the warps ineach band-forming group which have been selected to form binders havebeen passed about the large bandconnecting wefts in different ways, twoforms being shown in Figs. 4 and 5; but the said wefts were not firmlyheld upon the bands, and the fabric would not retain its properproportions and arrangement. Referring to Fig. 4:, the band-connectingwefts B are inserted at desired intervals to take the place at suchpicks of the band-wefts 5 a very common form of weave being shown, oneof each pair of binder-warps Q20 passing above the weft B while theother binder 0, passes beneath it; but it is impossible to tightly gripthe large wefts thus introduced into the bands, and the fabric possessesvery inferior stability or endurance. In Fig. 5 the band-connecting weftB is a true face-weft, as it rests upon the face of the band, and singlebinders a are used, the face-weft resting upon and between two adjacentbody-wefts 19 while the binder, passing over the band-connecting weft Bskips the two wefts I) referred to and is passed under the wefts Z9 17of the immediately preceding and following picks. The comparatively longportion of exposed binderwarp soon stretches and loosens its hold uponthe face-weft, so that the bands can slip and change their positions.

In weaving fabric of this character it will be obvious that theintroduction at intervals of larger wefts requires that such of thewarps as are to serve as binders shall be led from a separate beam, forin a given length of fabric the binder-warps will necessarily be longerthan the mere body-warps. Now, referring more particularly to Figs. 1and 2, which most clearly show the nature of the present invention, atwill weave is shown, the group of plane.

warps in a band being arranged in subgroups of body-warps a a a and abinder M, the warps a M, Fig. 1, forming a plain selvage with thebody-weft b, which selvage is repeated at the opposite edge of the band.The body-warps and the binder-warp of each subgroup form, with thewefts, the woven band, the width of the latter determining the number ofsubgroups, the fabric being woven readily on some form of ribbon-loomhaving a separate shuttle for each band, the shuttles carrying the weftor filling b. At certain picks, however,usually much larger or coarserwefts B are introduced, extending from one to the other side of thefabric and lying upon the faces of the bands, said wefts being boundthereto by the binder-warps and connecting the several bands. Supposingthat picks 1, 2, 3, and 4 have been woven, Fig. 1, when the shed isformed for the next pick all of the body-warps will be in one plane ofthe shed and the binder warp or warps a in the other Then aband-connecting weft B is introduced, preferably by hand, the shed ischanged, the binder and body warps changing places as to the planes ofthe shed, and a body-weft is introduced at the sixth pick and Weaving ofthe bands continued. When the body-weft is beaten up, (see Fig. 2,) itwill be seen that the band-connecting weft lies on the face of the bandabove and between the two adjacent picks of body-weft, under each ofwhich the binder-warp passes, the beating up of the weft drawing thebinder tightly about the face-weft B and locking said binder fromslackening thereafter. With the weave herein shown the face-wefts can,if desired, be introduced at each recurring pick, wherein the body-warpsare in one and the binderwarps in the other plane of the shed; butherein the face-wefts are introduced at greater intervals, two of suchpicks, in which the body and binder warps are in different planes of theshed, intervening between each pair of face-wefts, The invention,however, is. not restricted to bands of any particular widths. nor toany number of bands, nor is it restricted to the particular intervalsherein shown at which the face-wefts are introduced. The weave of thebands may also be varied so long as the band-connecting wefts lie uponthe faces of the bands and the binder-warps pass over such wefts andunder the two bodywefts adjacent the face-weft and above and betweenwhich the latter is located.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. As a new article of manufacture, a fabric composed of a plurality ofwoven bands, one or more warps of each group included in a band servingas a hinder, or binders, and a series of band-connecting wefts bound bythe said binding-warps to the several bands and lying upon the faces ofthe bands between two adjacent wefts of the latter under which avbinder-warp passes.

2. As a new article of manufacture, afabric composed of a plurality ofclosely-woven bands, one or more warps in each serving as a binder orbinders, and a series of coarse band-connecting wefts bound by the saidbinder-warps to the several bands and extended from one to the otherside of the fabric, said wefts lying upon the faces of the bands betweentwo adjacent wefts of the latter under which a binder-warp passes.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a fabric composed of a plurality ofclosely-woven separated bands, a plurality of regularly-recurrentwarpsin each serving as binders, and a series of transverse band-connectingwefts extended across the bands from one to the other side of thefabric,said wefts being bound by the binder-warps to the several bandsand lying upon the faces of the latter between two adjacent wefts in theband under which the binder-warps pass.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

CHARLES W. GILBERT. CHARLES C. SHEPARD. Witnesses HENRY F. HARRIS,CHARLES F. MARSTON.

